Total Physical Response

Total Physical Response (TPR) is a language teaching method developed by Dr. James Asher in the 1970s. The method emphasizes the use of physical movement to learn language, as well as a stress-free, fun learning environment.
The TPR method is based on the idea that people naturally learn language by responding physically to commands or requests. The method emphasizes the use of body movements and gestures to accompany language instruction. Learners are encouraged to respond physically to language input, which helps them to remember and internalize new vocabulary and grammar structures.
One of the key principles of TPR is that learners should be relaxed and stress-free while learning. The method emphasizes the use of games, songs, and other fun activities to engage learners and reduce anxiety. In this way, TPR is designed to create a positive learning environment that encourages learners to experiment with language and take risks.
Another important aspect of TPR is the use of authentic language input. The method emphasizes the use of natural, authentic language that is relevant to the learners’ lives and interests. This can include videos, songs, stories, and other materials that are designed to engage learners and make the language learning process more enjoyable.
In terms of classroom activities, TPR lessons often begin with a demonstration of a physical movement or gesture, followed by a command or request in the target language. Learners are encouraged to respond physically to the instruction, and the teacher may use repetition or variations on the instruction to reinforce learning. Over time, learners build up a vocabulary of words and phrases that they can respond to physically, and they gradually learn to produce language output in response to these commands.
One of the strengths of TPR is that it is adaptable to a wide range of teaching contexts and learning goals. The method can be used with learners of all ages and proficiency levels, and it can be adapted to teach a variety of languages and language skills. Additionally, TPR can be easily combined with other teaching methods and approaches, such as communicative language teaching or task-based language learning.